Problem-based learning (PBL) is an instructional approach whereby students learn through hands-on activities in small groups to solve real-world problems with the help of instructors who facilitate the learning. Previous researches show that multimedia-based PBL could improve students’ learning, retention, critical thinking and problem solving skills in exciting and interactive ways. However, as we are facing the 21^st century challenges, the use of multimedia in PBL has become rapidly outdated and need to be expanded in line with the 21^st century technology. This paper discusses the implementation of PBL, the multimedia enhanced PBL and also the integration of augmented reality (AR) in PBL, which is seen as the most recent, up to date and futuristic technology that can be integrated into the science education of elementary schools in Malaysia.